In the periodic table, the elements are listed in order of increasing atomic number Z. The number of electrons in each element’s electron shells, particularly the outermost valence shell, is the primary factor in determining its chemical bonding behavior. The configuration of these electrons follows from the principles of quantum mechanics. The chemical properties of the atom are determined by the number of protons, in fact, by number and arrangement of electrons. See also: Atomic Number – Does it conserve in a nuclear reaction? Atomic Number and Chemical PropertiesĮvery solid, liquid, gas, and plasma is composed of neutral or ionized atoms. It is the electrons that are responsible for the chemical bavavior of atoms, and which identify the various chemical elements. In a neutral atom there are as many electrons as protons moving about nucleus. The total electrical charge of the nucleus is therefore +Ze, where e (elementary charge) equals to 1,602 x 10 -19 coulombs. Total number of protons in the nucleus is called the atomic number of the atom and is given the symbol Z. The nucleus is composed of protons and neutrons. The atom consist of a small but massive nucleus surrounded by a cloud of rapidly moving electrons. Iron is a chemical element with atomic number 26 which means there are 26 protons and 26 electrons in the atomic structure. K) 11.8 Thermal Conductivity 80.2 Specific Heat 0.44 Heat of Fusion 13.8 Heat of Vaporization 349.6 Atomic Number of Iron. Iron – Properties Element Iron Atomic Number 26 Symbol Fe Element Category Transition Metal Phase at STP Solid Atomic Mass 55.845 Density at STP 7.874 Electron Configuration 3d6 4s2 Possible Oxidation States +2,3 Electron Affinity 15.7 Electronegativity 1.83 1st Ionization Energy 7.9024 Year of Discovery unknown Discoverer unknown Thermal properties Melting Point 1538 Boiling Point 2861 Thermal Expansion µm/(m
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